call 212-465-3167 212-465-3167 New Yorican Nights at the New Yorican Poets Cafe This has been a public service announcement by WBAI on behalf of the New Yorican Poets Cafe And this is WBAI New York The time is almost precisely 9 o'clock on a Wednesday night That means it's time for Off the Hook The telephone keeps ringing So I ripped it off the wall I cut myself while shaving Now I can't make a call It couldn't get much worse But if they could, they would Bum Diddly Bum For the best, expect the worst I hope that's understood Bum Diddly Bum And a very good evening to one and all The program is Off the Hook We look at technology We look at telephones, computers And Big Brother And see if he's looking at us And we take phone calls Among other things Tonight, we have a rather interesting program Something we don't usually do Is talk to what might be referred to As the other side of law enforcement We have Don Delaney from New York State Police here Along with Fiber Optic Who is a well-known computer hacker And sometimes the two of them Some are unopposing sides Sometimes not And tonight, we'll have a forum For both sides Law enforcement and hackers We'll see if there's common ground to stand upon And we'll take calls from listeners At 212-279-3400 Don Delaney is in the studio with us From New York State Police Is that correct? That's correct And you head the computer fraud department Or is it just technology in general? No, I supervise the Major K-Squad And we have a separate unit up in Albany Which has two men assigned And they do the investigation strictly on computer crimes And it's a service provided to all the law enforcement In New York State I see And how long have you been involved With that particular aspect? Well, for two years And you must have learned quite a deal With this kind of thing When you first started What did you imagine High-tech criminals to be like? Well, I didn't really have any idea What they were like I hadn't done any of those types of investigations Until we got a complaint And we worked on the case And eventually made an arrest And from there We began to get more and more calls From corporate America That were suffering losses And we continued to investigate And we haven't stopped You mentioned the calls come from corporate America It only comes from that kind of complainant Not individuals The great majority of them Come from the big companies Such as the telephone companies That are losing a lot of money And small companies also They lose money Also when their PCs Or their small systems are attacked Do you see many cases Where personal computers are attacked? No We have had Up in Albany We had a case Where there were five different PCs that were attacked By what I call A malicious hacker And he actually Was able to do Hardware damage To the systems Now the first case That you were involved in What was that? It was American SOAR Up in Massachusetts An individual On Long Island Was dialing into Their Unix mainframe On an 800 number Trying to put A bulletin board system Up in their computer system He had erased some files Done some damage And we traced it back Did some surveillances Determined who it was Executed a search warrant At his house And arrested him eventually And what became of that? He pled guilty To a Class A misdemeanor Which And then got probation And community service Now Of course Lots of people In the hacker world Look upon law enforcement As misguided As Devoting too much Firepower Towards executing These warrants And tracking people down How do you respond to that? Well I don't think We Have spent too much Time Or used too many people For it Or too much firepower We generally go in On our search warrants By knocking on the door And having the people And the residents Open the door to us We've done that In almost every single case And we've done More than 30 search warrants In the past two years There's been a couple Of exceptions Now Being involved In this kind of field Computer hackers Are not really the people That you're after Most of the time It would seem It's people Selling phone codes And making Modifications to cellular phones And drug deals And that kind of thing Those are the people You're after more often Is that right? Much more often now From a few of the cases That we started There was not The tremendous PBX fraud Or cellular phone fraud Two years ago When I first started Doing these types of cases But what happened was When people on the east coast He had learned how to rechip Cellular phones Specific phones That industry took off Wildly in a call selling Type of industry On the streets And out of apartments And we had also The people that are using The PBXs of the companies That they dial into And then out dial Long distance And the companies Receive the bills Also those that Have call diverters Some of the individuals Such as plumbers That have call diverters They have also been complainants And But most of it right now Is telephone fraud More so than computer crime And how much of this Would you say Is preventable I mean diverters Are things that have Been around now For years Yet they still have The same flaws Where they drop To a dial tone And allow you to call Anywhere in the world Why don't they just fix it Well it's You know The manufacturers Will say they're Spread out all over the place We don't know who have them Certainly with the problems That the PBXs Are experiencing The companies that have these I think that the corporations That make these things And the vendors That sell them Have a moral Ethical responsibility To go back to these Corporations That they sold them to And give them the fixes For the holes in the system And tell them how to Properly secure their system Clearly they're not doing it Because the average Complainant that's calling Into me In a one month period Is suffering somewhere Between $35,000 And $100,000 in loss Interesting Let me ask you Something I'm going to ask The same question To fiber optic What's your definition Of a hacker Well it means A lot of different things To many people I use it Generally Referring to The computer criminal Who's Into somebody else's system Where he doesn't belong And he's trying One of many different Methods Of trying something new In that system It can be A telephone company Computer that he's hacking Some of those Will call the person Doing that a freak A telephone freak Or a cracker But it has a number Of different meanings To different people Do you see the meaning As overall negative Or just Well the news media Has given it a terribly Negative connotation In the past few years Originally it had to do With the Those In MIT and Stanford Who were hacking Which were To advance their Abilities in computer systems And are really Thought of pretty As a noble group Of people And consider themselves That way too Not malicious But today the word Has a connotation Of maliciousness Alright with that I'd like to introduce Fiber optic Who's been in the studio Before And Let's start with Your definition Of a hacker Is it anything Similar to what Don Delaney's is My definition Of a hacker Well before I go Into that I just want to Mention about A lot of people Aren't aware of the fact That back at MIT And Berkeley And Stanford In the 60s A lot of the Individuals who Became known as The classic hackers Or the noble hackers Were you know While being very Moralized people Let's remember How they gained access To the machines That they were accessing They actually Gained access To the machines Through physical Means Whether it was Picking a lock To a computer lab Whether it was Borrowing pieces Of equipment In which to hack Whether it was Hardware hacking If they were designing Some electronic Gizmo Or doodad The fact remains That they were Doing something They shouldn't Have been doing You know For whatever Purpose Of their own Which is similar To the modern meaning And it's It's not Without its Pseudo-illegal Overtones And that should be Kept in mind That these weren't The perfect Citizens Or the perfect Individuals Although you know People could argue They were geniuses And extremely Intelligent people Which many of them Were The fact remains That the means At which they Gained access To things Did involve In you know Using loose terms Getting into Or breaking into In order to access The things that they did The reason this came about At the time period In the 60s Was that computers Were a lot different They didn't fit On someone's table They filled entire rooms And was necessary To run these machines They needed large Staffs of people And large amounts Of electricity And air conditioning units Well the The people Who maintained These machines Were often Very bureaucratic In their way of thinking And were often Decrepit of all Creativity And or intelligence And their only Task was The one they were Entrusted with Was to keep people In an orderly fashion On lines Long lines You'd have to wait on After filling in A piece of graph paper With your program You'd wait on A long line of students To hand your program To someone that was Known as one of The high priesthood And then Then they'd Feed it through A card punching machine To print out To punch out A holo-ereth card Then you'd wait On another line To which they'd Take your card And feed it into The huge mammoth Of a machine And then you'd have The results of your Program sent to you Well the original Hackers in the 60s Thought this was Ridiculous There was no Creativity involved It was batch Processed Bureaucratic nonsense So what they did Was that they Broke into the Computer labs Late at night To play with These machines And they did Some pretty Amazing things With them So what you're Basically saying Is that sometimes It's necessary Not to follow The rules In order to Further progress Yeah and I Think that's True throughout History Where do you Draw the line Though Who makes The rules Who says This is going Too far Where do you Draw the line Oh I draw the Line if there Was some Physical Reasonable Noticeable Damage And I'm not Talking about Where some Foolish company Claims well the Damage was the Fact that they Were on there At all That's nonsense Damage is done Where there's Some huge Monetary loss Whether there's Some sort of Downtime Because someone Destroyed a system Or did something Malicious Whether they Intended to or Not The fact remains It still Happened It caused The company To lose Money Whether they Actually physically Damage something Like say for Instance these Guys broke into The computer lab And I'm not Saying they were Bumbling idiots It's very unlikely That these people Would have said Whoops and broke Something But because it Simply didn't Happen But say for Instance they Did these were Huge expensive Machines that Were given to The university That which Which were Funded by the Government for Government research Projects and It would require Large sums of Money to repair The machines in The event that A piece of Equipment was Broken I've heard stories Where they would Play tricks on The people that They called the High priests Who were the People that Maintained these Machines with an Iron grip and What they would do Is that when they Would sneak in there And someone with Authority would Walk into the Lab they'd Take a component That looks like It belonged in The machine and They'd open one of The panels and They'd throw the Component on the Floor and They'd say Whoops I think I broke something And it would Make one of These authoritative Individuals go Crazy but it Was a good joke Though Now Don Delaney Let me ask you Do you think the Reason that Computer crime or People trespassing Into computers is Looked upon with Such horror is Because the Victims don't Really know what It is that's Been done Unlike walking Into a room Where you can See what's Been broken With a computer System you Don't know What they've Planted what They've seen Things like that Most of the Times the Systems administrator Can tell exactly What happened He knows who's Been in there And I think That the Corporations of The systems Administrator of Any system That's been Hit is annoyed Because someone's In a system And they don't Belong in there And they have The potential for Doing damage Wiping out that Or whether or Not the system Is backed up If the person Doesn't belong there They don't belong There and it Goes back to the Same argument That's been used Over and over Again somebody Shouldn't be in Your house They shouldn't Be there Admittedly at Stanford or Any of the Universities where Hacking occurred If the person Picked a lock And he went Into the computer Room and was Spending time in An area where He didn't belong The university Could have had The person Arrested for Trespass The laws The laws were In a place For that But not Specifically For computer Hacking Today we have All sorts of Computer crime Laws Both federally And on the State level Which involve Computer trespass And computer Tampering And illegal Access on the Federal law Side So now there Are specific Laws And Fyra can Say what he Believes would Be the right Thing but it's Not in accordance With the law And asking me The same question I would have To answer When it is Against the law It is illegal And if there Is a complaint We take action Now you brought Up the analogy Of being in Somebody's home Which is a very Popular one But the penalties Are not quite the Same when Somebody breaks Into a house And when they Break into a Computer system A good example Is the hackers In Atlanta Georgia who Went to jail For a couple Of them over A year For accessing A system That didn't Have a password Other people That have Downloaded Information And been Sentenced as If they had Stolen things Worth millions Of dollars Do you think We're approaching The point where They'll be dealt With the same In other words If you trespass Onto a computer System you'll be Dealt with the Same way as If you trespass Onto somebody's Property No I don't Think so at all I think that the Laws are going To be pretty much In New York State stay the Same as they Are Burglary in New York State is a More significant And with much Higher degree Penalties than Computer trespass With Riggs and Darden they Went they Were arrested For certain Crimes they Went to trial They were found Guilty there Were federal Sentencing guidelines That were followed And they were put In jail for a Certain period of Time on the Federal level Those were laws That were broken And that's what Was followed I Don't think that The judicial system In the United States can do Otherwise Even though at The same time That they were Pleading guilty Their co-defendant So to say Was being found Not to have a Case against him Because the Document that They said was Worth $80,000 Was only worth $14,000 Well a Craig Neidwoff case Is a separate Issue Totally And the case Was dropped By the prosecutor In that case Because of the Dollar value Difference that They discovered Were they not Sentenced in Atlanta as if That document Had been worth $80,000 I'm not sure Seems to me That if it Had been $14 They wouldn't Have gotten Over a year I don't think So Okay Now as far As future Laws Do you think There will be Any future Laws in New York State And what Laws are Being Modified There's several Proposals On the board That I've Seen Which specifically Target Certain types Of telecommunications Fraud Such as going Into Using a Rechipped Cellular Phone Such as Going into A corporation's System and Then out Dialing Obtaining dial Tones that Don't belong To you And then Having someone Else charged Back because These very Quickly add up To tremendous Bills The long Distance Carriers are Making the Small company Responsible to Pay those Bills There's many Lawsuits Going back And forth Now between The long Distance Carriers and Other corporations Which refuse To pay This The large Bills such As the Mitsubishi And AT&T Suit along With others I think That the FCC is Going to Rewrite Some legislation There's going To beat Some decisions In some Of these Federal suits And we Will have New law As a result Now a Few days ago In the New York Times There was An article About the Cellular Problems Where people Are able To simply Use a Device And read Identity codes Of cars Passing by And people Using cellular Phones Nearby And that Knowledge Alone Is enough For them To build Their own Clone If you Use one Of several Different types Of equipment That's available When the Phone call Is being Made You can Capture the ESN And the MIN Which are The two Numbers Which identify To the Billing company Who's to Get the Bill for The phone Call If you Take your Computer Or laptop Or any PC And a Prom Burner With a Fresh EPROM You can Duplicate That ESN MIN On to That Any calls Then you Have Going out Will be Billed To the Customer At the End of 30 day Period If we Have 40 of These phones Out On a Call Selling Operation Working All day Long On the Streets The bills Get very High And you'll Have bills Coming in $50,000 $60,000 To a Customer And they Are shocked Now what What kind Of equipment Do you need To be able To read This information In the first Place Well there's A number Of different Types of People A number Of pieces Of equipment But I Wouldn't On the air Tell people What they Are Because I Fear that People would Be running Around Tomorrow Looking to Buy them But it Is fairly Simple Yes How much Blame would You put On the People in Charge of The cellular Industry For making It so easy In the first Place Well obviously They jumped Into the Industry Too fast Looking to Make money They have Been trying Desperately For the Past year Year and a Half To do Something about The fraud That they're Incurring The cellular Companies have To pay To the Long distance Carriers For the Money The money The long Distance Carriers Charge them For the calls That are laid Off from the Cellular Industry To the Calls Going out Of the Country Or long Distance So the Cellular People have Been getting Hurt So what They've Done is They've Come up With several Different Systems To prevent The fraud They will Block out Whole countries In an area That have A lot Of fraud Such as In Elmhurst Or Jackson Heights Where you Have a Large Colombian Population Which is Engaged in A large Amount of Fraud Out of That area On that Cell site To the Degree That in A 24 Hour period Not a Single Legitimate Call Went out Through that Cell site In a Given Weekend That they Block all Access If you Want to Have access And you're A legitimate Customer using A cellular Phone in That area You can Tell your Cellular Carrier I would Like to Have it This is How much I want My maximum To be On a Monthly Basis And these Are the Numbers That I'm Going to Be calling In Columbia And they'll Set it Up on The computer For you Most interesting We're going to Be opening up The telephone Lines 212-279-3400 We're speaking With Don Delaney New York State Police Department And Fiber Optic Computer Hacker Fiber I'd like to Ask you If you have Any Comments Or maybe Corrections On this Cellular Problem Is it really As easy As we're Making it Out to be Here It surely Is I'm just Glad that Mr. Delaney Is making The distinction That it is Not hackers Who are Perpetrating These crimes But that They're Outright Criminals Who are Selling These phone Calls For monetary Gain Whether it's For the Purpose Of illegal Drugs Or whether It's some Sort of Crime ring Or mafia Or organized Crime Who's Benefiting From the Selling Of these Phone Calls And they They have A pretty Competitive Market On the Street And they're Killing Each other Over territory What's Interesting Is in New York City In several Different Areas You have Different Types Of telecommunications Fraud In the PBX Fraud Area Being that Fiber Mentions Hackers There are People who Just use A telephone Which goes Into the Computers Of the Telephone Companies Or the Corporations That they Dial into On their 800 numbers And they Use the Keypad To hack The system Or crack The system They are Not computer Knowledgeable They are Not computer Hackers But they Know enough About the Different type Of PBX Systems That are Out there That they Know that They need To put A certain Number of Digits In a Code In a Certain Place After A pound Sign Or whatever And they Will hack Away at These things Until they Get a Code Which they Can use Now what We've seen Is codes That have Been hacked Out And as It was Hacked out After a Two week Try At 710 In the Evening Excuse me At 510 In the Evening At 7.05 An hour And 55 Minutes Later Telephone Booths In the Neighborhood Started Using that Code And from There The code Spread to The other Phone booths Of Manhattan Like a Virus Until Hundreds Literally Were using This And Thousands Of Calls Were going Through The PBX In the Period Of a Month That were All Fraudulent And In the Particular Case Of Data Products That That Happened To That Was On NBC News They Lost $35,000 Quickly That's Amazing And You Were Able To Track It As It Happens Or The Bill Came In When The Call Detailing Comes In It Shows Each Hack Into An 800 Number Because Every Attempt Is Registered So They Know Where All The Calls Are Coming From And It Was Apparent That They Were Using Initially 9600 Board Modem Because They Were Coming In At 3 Second Intervals After That You Could See When They Stopped Using The Computer And They Were Using Only The Keyboard And They Don't Have The Computer Now And They Don't Know Where It Is Now Would You Say That Just Figuring Out The System Is That A Crime In It No Figuring Out How What Codes Work If You Hack A Code Out For Instance Right Now Is That A Crime Well First Of All Dialing Into Trying To Get Out Through The Remote Access Unit On The PBX You May Be Committing A Crime Robert Yeah Just Like To Point Out That We Should Use A Better Choice Of Words And That Would Be Scanning And Not Hacking Since A Hack Is A Quite Clever Action That Is Usually Achieved Through Some Sort Of Intelligence Like Committing Some Sort Of Clever Feat Or Something That Amusing Using Some Sort Of Knowledge That Was Put To Some Sort Of Creative Use Mindlessly Dialing Numbers In Sequence On A Telephone I Wouldn't Consider Hacking Because If We Start Calling That Hacking Codes Then It Must Be A Hacker Who Hacking These Codes Since Hackers Hack Well To A Lot Of People The Simple Act Of Picking Up A Phone And Dialing And Knowing What You're Doing Is Hacking Because So Many People Don't Understand What's There And If You Can Call Up A Particular 800 Number And Mindlessly Dial For 10 Minutes And Figure Out A Code There Are People That Will Think You're The Greatest Hacker Of All Time It's All Relative Use Those Words Well The Turn Scanning Is Been Widely Used Also For The Sequential Number Dial Out Programs That Are Used For Doing Exactly What We Talk About Every Every Telephone Call Just Goes To The Next Digit In The Code And That Is Referred To Quite Often As Scanning So It May Be More Appropriate To Call Scanning Than Hacking But I Think By Saying You're Hacking The System By Trying Different Code I Think More People Understand That Because It's More Widely When Does It Turn Into Harassment Of Sorts Once You Attempt To Go Out Through Their PBX You're Attempting To Commit A Crime Attempt To Commit A Crime Is A Crime And We Could We Have Not Charged Anybody Yet Specifically With Attempting It Because We're Only Getting The People That Are Getting Through The Systems And Out Dialing Generating Thousands Of Dollars Worth Of Bills And We Have To Follow Up On Those People That Complained To Us If Somebody Called Me And Said Somebody Was Dialing Into Their 800 Number But Never Successfully Got Out And I Got A Bill For Each Of Those 800 Number Calls For A Total Of $20,000 And It All Came From One Place Well We May Start Doing An Investigation On Also These Days It Is Very Easy To Figure Out Where The Call Is Coming From If Not Instantaneously Can A Company Say You're Not Allowed To Call This 800 Number Is There Anything On Their Particular Side That Would Allow Them To Charge You With Some Kind Of A Crime Just For Calling Just To See What's There Not The Initial Call But Once You Arrived Once The Machine Or The Person Answered The Other End If There Was A Banner Or Warning Which Said If You're Not Authorized To Use A Remote Access Unit Or Go Any Further In The System Hang Up Now Otherwise You're Subject To Arrest Well Certainly That Would Meet The Legal Requirement That If The Person Did Anything After That If They Weren't Authorized To To Be In The System They Could Be Arrested Okay I'm Not Trying To Trap You Here No That's Not A Trap But That's The Law But My Next Question Might Be Inferred As A Trap Are You Saying That It's It's Not Illegal To Do A Scan Of 800 Numbers It Is Because It's A Scan On Each One Of Them Going From One To The To See What's Out Looking For Code If You're Using A Program Which Is Attempting To Hack Out A Code Just To Obtain The Code But Never Use It It May Be Construed As An Attempted Crime Or It May Not Be I Don't Know Well I'm Not Even Going That Far I'm Saying Just To To Call The To See What Answers See If If A Computer Answers Here For Fax Oh Scanning Sequentially Well 800 Numbers Absolutely Not That's Quite Legal That's Some Good News Under New York State Law Under Federal Law I'm Not Really Sure And Local Municipalities As Well Might Have Something To Say About That Our Phone Number Is 212-279-3400 We're Going to Go to A Phone Call In One Minute I Just Want to Ask One More Question Of Don Delaney Here A Couple Of Weeks Ago We Made Reference To And Say Press One If You Want To Be Billed $120 To Have Your Fortune Read We Called It On The Air Came Within One Touchstone Of Causing Complete Mayhem That Number Has Since By The Way Been Disconnected It No Longer Exists However I'd Like To Know Is That Kind Of A Thing From From The Consumer Point Of View Something That Could Be Looked Upon As Illegal As Because Everybody Believes When You Dial An 800 Number It's Going To Be For Free You Have A Legal Requirement That If You're Going To Charge The Person Back For The Call Into The System Just As On A 900 Number Or 540 Number That Within 10 Seconds You Tell Them The Call And Give Them The Opportunity To Hang Up And Right Now The Big Scam Is The 540 Num That Although They Are Staying On The Legal Side Of The Law It Is What I Would Refer To As A Scam And These Are Recordings That Call You And Say You've Won Something Called This Number And They Don't Tell You How Much It Cost To Call Well If They Don't They'll Be Arrested As We Did Last Year In The $55 Beeper Scam He Would Dial Out To Blocks Of Beeper Numbers And When The People Would Dial Back To His Telephone Number The Computer Would Answer Give Them A Lot Of Jibberish About Real Estate Deals Etc Now Is The Only Reason He Got In Trouble Because He Didn't Say What The Price Was That's Correct If He Had Said What The Price Was If He Said It's $55 If You Stay On Pass The Ten Second Limit You're Going To Be Charged $55 On Your Telephone Bill He Would Not Have Gotten Into Trouble I Have An Interesting Question Supposing The Person That Called Him Back Only Spoke Spanish And Didn't Understand That Or Supposing He Said It In Spanish What's The Law As As far As That Goes Not Not A Law Specifically But I'm Sure That If You Made That Case To The Telephone Company You'd Probably Find Someone Who Listened To You They Have To Write Off An Awful Lot Of Fraud Of People Being People Companies PBX Or Any Other Way That A Person Got Billed For Calls That They Didn't Make And The Telephone Company Eats An Awful Lot Of That But Do You Think The Phone Company Shares Some Capability Here Because They Make It Hard For People To Understand What What Gets Charged And What Doesn't I Don't Know That The Telephone Company Does I Know That They Sign Agreements They Have Agreements With People That Buy These 540 Lines It's The Customers Who Then Change These Things After They Set Them Up Initially With The Agreements And Engage In The Fraud What I'm Saying Is Just The Idea Of A 540 Line In Baltimore For Instance 540 Is A Valid Exchange So I Might Know Somebody That Has 540 As Their Phone Conversation New York State Legally It's Illegal To Do Any Overhearing Of A Voice Communication Without Having One Party Consent And If They Do And It's Brought To The Attention Of Law Enforcement Yes We Would Absolutely Make An Arrest But How Can You Possibly Enforce Something Like That Somebody Very Simple Just Tune On The Scanner And Overhear Them And Hear All Kinds Of Personal Information I've Heard This On Occasion Myself Where People Discuss The Most Intimate Details And I Really Don't Think They Know That They're Broadcasting All Over The Place I Think Some Of Them Don't Care But Yes It's Easy To Do You Can Get A Scanner And Tune In Certain Frequencies The Scanner Will Find A Frequency For You That's Active But That Is Illegal In New York State Totally Even Worse Than That Aren't There Devices Which Allow People To Hook Into Regular Wired Landlines Oh Obviously That Would Be Illegal If That Were To Occur I Don't Know Anybody Is Doing It If I Did I Lock Them Up Thank You Very Much Thanks For Calling Good Evening Good Evening Emmanuel I Have A Brief Observation And Then A Question For Fibro Optic If I Might Okay The Observation Is Sort Of In The Humorous Vane This The Whole Concept Of This Debate In A Left Handed Way Reminds Me Of The Old Dragnet Episode In Which Marijuana Legalization Was Debated Which Ended In A Bust But That Is Neither Hand Or There Was Just An Do You Feel That If The Penalty Of Quote Unquote Landing In Jail Didn't Exist Some Of The Challenge In Terms Of Adrenaline Fuel Genius Or Insight Or Fun Would Be Removed From The Hacker Game And Hence It Wouldn't Have The Challenge That Would Motivate People Who Have In The Past And Present Gone Beyond Themselves And I Like The Officer To Rebu Also And Now I'm Hacking Gov I'm Going To Put Back On The Radio Good Evening Okay Thanks Well I Think It Might Be True For Some Some Individuals However Immature But That's That's Kind of Silly To Think That The Only Thrill Of Learning Something New Is The Fact That You're Challenging Authority I Think That's A Ridiculous Notion And That I Think That The Human Race Wouldn't Achieve What We'd Only Discover New Things Or Be Motivated To Use Technology In New And Different Ways If Only We Were Challenging Authority That That's Ridiculous I Don't See That It Holds Water At All I Don't See Anybody That We've Been Involved With Or Discussed These Things With That Were Motivated Just Because It's Against The Law Or Because Of The Hype Associated With It I Think That There's A Lot Of People That Are Out There And I'm Separating Now The Traditional Hacker Which Is Out There Trying To Advance His Base Of Knowledge But The Great Majority Of The People That We're Dealing With Are Actually Out There Doing Malicious Things Either With Computers Or Or Which Actually The Great Majority Of Computer Crimes Are Committed By Employees Against Their Employer Both On Federal Level And In Corporations And None Of This Is Done For The Hype Or Because It's Against The Law A Lot Of It's Greed As Far As As As The Hacker Do You See Very Many Malicious Hackers We Have Had Some Right Here From New York City That We've Spoken About In The Past Who Would Do Things When They Would Have An Argument With A Friend Of Theirs Or An Ex-Friend Of Theirs They Would Go In And Call Forward Their Parents Telephone Number To A 900 Line Things Like That Which Is Malicious Behavior More Than Anything Else Where Do You Separate Maliciousness From Mischievousness As Far As I Know It's A lot Easier These Days To Make The Dollars Rack Up But Is That The Fault Of The Person Doing It Or Is That The Fault Of The Technology Well If I Would Make A Distinction Between A Person That Dials Into A System To Look Around And See If He Can Explore Holes In A Unix System Without Doing Any Damage Or Doing Anything Once He Became Super User And Got Out Of Competitors Computer As We've We've Investigated A Case Of That Naturally Any Type Of Sabotage Of Another System Or Corporate Espionage Is Definitely Malicious And That's More Of What We See Than The Traditional Hacker Type That Just Goes Into A System And Doesn't Do Anything Wrong Because Then You Don't Have Anybody That's Really Complaining Okay Let's Take Another Call Good Evening Yes Good Evening Hello Yes Go A Yeah I Saw An Advertisement On A Pornographic Magazine It Said Free Samples And I Called It Was A 319 Number And 319 Within A Particular Area Code Yeah 212 Okay And She Started Talking Whatever And Then She Said This Call We'll Charge You $120 For This Call And I Hung Up Right And I Wondering If I Going To Charge That That Amount Of Money That Ridiculous Were You On More Than 10 Seconds I Don't Think So I Hung Up Real Fast Well How Can Something In The 319 Exchange Charge More Than Whatever It Cost To Call The 319 Exchange I Don't Believe It A Special Exchange We May Have A New One We May Have A One I Know There Are There Are Some Cases Some 800 Numbers You Can Call That Will Charge You Quote Unquote Discreetly As A Collect Call And What That Does Is It Shows Up On Your Phone Bill About A Month Or So Later As If They Had Called You Collect And I Question The Legality Of That As Well However To Do This With With A Local Number Is Something Kind Of Different I Not Really Sure If That It Really Took Me Because 212 319 It Seems Like Not Only Local But I Mean It Didn't Sound Like 540 Or 976 Or Anything Like That Right Well Did You Attempt To Call New York Telephone Security No I Didn't They Have A Special Person That Takes Care Complaints At The New York Telephone Company With Regards To These Pay Lines If You Call Him He'll Be Able To Assist You You Don't Have To Have The Number Do You No I Don't I Know It's A 395 Exchange But They Can Get It From Either The Operator Or The Phone Book What's The Name Of The Office It's Telephone Security Telephone Security I Think A Lot Of People Might Feel Some Abashed Calling After They've Called One Of These Lines Saying I Called The Dominance Line And They Wanted To Charge Me $120 For That I Just Didn't Think It Was Worth It I Don't Know If A Lot Of People Would Well Some People May Think That It's Worth It What We Need Is Some Kind Of A Standardized Way Of Reporting These Things For Instance With Customer Own Coin Operated Telephones Known Do You Get Many Kinds Of Complaints Is That In Your Field We Would Handle One Of Those Complaints If It Were To Come To Us But We Have Not Had A Single Complaint From Anybody Against Any Of The Co-Card Companies For Anything That Was Criminal In Nature If It's Something To Do With Negligence And There's A Bill Involved It's A Civil Matter If It's An Intentional Crime By The Company What Would A Good Example Of Intentional Crime Be That They Put Something Out There That's Going To Cause The Customer To Dial A Number When The Customer Dial A Number He's Going To Get A Bill Grossly In Excess Of What The Posted Standard Would Be On The Face Of The Tariffs That Are Imposed For This Day Of Agreements How About Deception Making It Difficult For You To Get For For instance Not Allowing Access To An Operator Or Billing You An Incredible Amount And Saying You're Going To Bill An Incredible Well These Things Are Controlled By The FCC They Have Rules And Regulations Which Govern These Things If They're Beyond The Rules And Regulations Of The FCC Then The F Complaint Can Be Brought And We Would Assist A Customer That Had That Complaint With Speaking With Someone At The FCC Who Would Take Action If Appropriate Or The Public Service Commission Yes Okay Good Evening You're On The Air Oh Hi I Want To Know How To Order 2600 Okay I'll Give You A Phone Number All Right All The Information Is There Okay It's Area Code 516 516 751 2600 And You 1-1-9-5-3 Thanks a lot Sure Good Evening Yeah I Am Very Interested In Oral History You Know With A Tape Recorder And I Had My Machine On For Record And I Had It On Pause And I Released The Pause I Was Talking To This Wonderful Elderly Gentleman About 80 Years Old Or 85 Hello Oh I Hear a Dial tone Is That Your Dial tone Oh Dear Wow He Hung Up He Hung Up Everybody Hear This Once And For All I Finally Figured I Had To Get Monroe To Hang Up It Never Happened Before Wow I'm Gonna Play That One Back Sounded Like He Was Off The Hook Yeah Good Evening You Are In The Air Go Ahead Hi I Have A Double H Question Here Okay We Like Those Kind Technical And Legal Alright Go Ahead I Know That 800 Numbers Are Basically Just Local Numbers Correct Say That Again If There's An 800 Number Say 800 555 5555 Interesting You should Pick that Number But They're Not Local Numbers At All Usually When You Dial Into Them They're In Some Other State I Think Maybe What You Mean Is They Translate To Local Numbers In The End That's Correct No They Don't Okay Anywhere In The Country It Could Be Anywhere In The World Actually You Could Have AT&T International 800 Service I Think What He's Trying To Say Is That In The End They Wind Up Ringing A Regular Telephone That's That's Correct What Do You Mean By Regular A Regular Phone That's On The Desk They An 800 Number Goes To Another Phone Number Is What He's Trying To Say Right You Could Have An 800 Number That Actually Rings On 279 2300 Absolutely 3400 Right My Question Is Do 900 Numbers Work The Same Way They Can And They Cannot Same As An 800 Number An 800 Number Can Connect To A Telephone Connect To Connect To Anything There Are Cases Where Both 800 And 900 Numbers Connect To Numbers That You Cannot Dial Any Other Way I Think What The Caller I Seem To Have Some Sort Of Mind Melt With This Caller Here But I Think What He's Trying To Say Is That It Might Be Possible To Find Back Doors Into 900 Numbers Where You Call A Particular Phone Number And You're Connected And They Say It Cost A Dollar A Minute But In Actuality Since You Didn't Call Over The 900 Line You're Not Being Charged Anything More Than A Local Call That's Right Yes That's Correct What Is The Legality Involved In That Would That Be Considered A Crime No No Because I Would Be Paying For The Regular If The Number Is Out There And You Know What That Backdoor Number Is And You Did Not Obtain It Illegally And You Dial It And There's Nothing That Tells You You Can't Dial It Then You Can And If You Get The Service Then You Get The Service What If You Circulate That Information That This Particular Telephone Number Goes To This Particular Service Because You're Not Paying The Exact Amount That They Want You To Pay Is That A Crime Well If You Circulate It You Mean Publish Publishing In Emmanuel I Don't Know Why You Treat Me The Way You Do But I Just Would Like To End How Many Phones Do You Have With An Oral History Where You Have Your Tape Recorder And You Have It On Pause And You You Release It And You're Taping A Person What Are The Rights Of Of An Individual Supposing This Person Called The Police On Me And Said He Tap Our Conversation Now Could You Just Go Into It For A Sec Okay You Want To Tackle That One I Think I Think What He's Asking Is How I Don't Know What He's Asking How How Much Warning Do You Have To Give Somebody If You're If You're Taping Someone I Don't Know Books Have Been Written About This I'm Sure Good Evening You're On Yes Emmanuel Yeah Yes I Keep Getting Cut Off By My Phone Company Every Time It Rings You Must Be In New Jersey Yes I Am But I Figured Out If You Dial 10 NJB It Just Rings You Can Beat The AT&T Okay To Explain That To Callers People Calling Us Going From New Jersey Dial 10 NJB Then 1212 279 3400 Right And It Won't Cut Off After How Many Minutes Is Usually Cut Off I Don't Know I Think It Was Like 25 Or 40 Rings It Ends It Says Your Caller Is Not There Is Not Answering And Then It Disconnects You I Have AT&T So I Guess It's AT&T Okay We've Heard MCI Does The Same Thing And What's The Other One I Have Is I Have Three Phones The Other One Is Metromedia Metromedia Does It Too Well You Found One Way Around It Let's Hope It Last Let's Hope The Other Companies Go Back To The Way They Used To Do Things And Make It A More Fair Now You 800 Number When The Either Integratel Or One Of These Fly By Night Phone Companies Started Asking Me For A Quarter A Minute To Stay On There And I Just You Know These Are The Sort Of Things That The Police Should Be I Don't Know If It They Should Focus On But It Is One Of The Things That As They Should Do Something About I Mean These Phones Are Blocked 8 8 To Access AT&T Because I Have An AT&T Credit Card And I Can Never Get It No It Never Works I Don't Know Why They Bother Advertising That In Commercials It Never Works From Well They're Especially Tough When You're Talking About In New York City Because There's So Much Fraud The Telephone Companies Have Done A lot To Try To Block The Fraud I've Tried To How Is That Fraud I'm Trying To Access No You're Not Engaged In Fraud I'm Talking About Some Of The Ways That They've Engaged Into Block Fraud Your Problem Is That The AT&T Was Broken Up And The Fine Working Phone System That We Used To Have Now Is Divided Up Among A Lot Of Different Companies That Aren't All Policing Itself The Way It Should And You Have To Dial From One Telephone Into An 800 Number But You May End Up Going Through A Couple Of Other Telephone Companies Before You Get Out Of The System And Some One Of The Line Is Going To Bill You Or To Put A Quarter In Well That's Terrible You Shouldn't Have That Problem I Guess What I'm Asking Is Is Is That Under Your Juris Well I Don't See For Instance I Use Credit Cards 8 12 Times A Day Well You Should First Of All Be Watching Over Your Shoulder For The Shoulder Surface Because If You're Using Pin Numbers In A lot Of Are Of New York There Are People Stealing Them By Looking Over Your Shoulder From Afar Either Using Binoculars Telescopes They Record These Numbers Into Tape Recorders As Fast As You There Is One Case Where A Payphone Owner Actually Had Rigged Up His Payphone To Capture The Numbers Of Now That Is Illegal Yeah That Strikes Me As Being A Bit Illegal That Is Illegal But What You're Referring To Is Not Illegal What I'm Trying To Find Out Is You Had Mentioned That If They Are Exorbitant Rates For I See Calls On My Credit Card Bills That I Have To Use Their Zero Number And I Can't Access AT&T Which For AT&T Might Have Cost Me Two Dollars And Their Call Was Seven Dollars And I Don't Even Know Who To Go To Those Costs Are Determined By The FCC Tariffs That They Enable These People To Charge That's Controlled The Police Department Doesn't Have Anything To Do With The Actual Price That You The Option Of If You Cannot Get 10288 To Work They Can Route Your Call Through That 800 Number It Is Very Rare That A Co-Cut Will Block Access To An 800 Number Although With These New 800 Numbers That Start Charging Back It's A Matter Of Time Before They Start Blocking 800 Numbers Now To Manual And That Is Is There And What I've Done Is I've Started Recording Them Because As I Get A Vomit A Phone And It's Blocked For AT&T I Don't Know Who To Tell About It Well You Can Tell Us The Magazine Because We're Good At Spreading Word Like That Around And Eventually It Gets To The Right Person Okay Because I Just Got The Address From The In Other Well The Public Service Commission Is The Agency For New York Getting Somebody Who Understands What We're Talking About We Get Lots Of Busy Signals And Lots Of Puzzled People On The Other End Of The Phone So Not Supposed To Be Blocked Is That Correct What's Not Supposed To Be Locked These Independent Long Distance Companies Are Not Really Allowed To Block A Phone From AT&T Or Any Other Caller They're Not Supposed To However I Don't Believe There's A Law That Says They Have To I Know There's A Law That Says They Have To Get To 911 And I'm Not Sure If It Goes Much Further Beyond That Okay I Was On The Impression That Because I Think I Got Something In The Mail From AT&T Telling Me That But When I Called AT&T They Had No Office Or To Report To And I'm Looking For A Number Or Some Service To Report To And I'll Send Them In The 2600 I'll Be Honest Sir I've Never Yet Found A Co-Cut That Allows You 10XXX Access 950 Access I Consider To Be An Accomplishment If I Can Get An Access Number Through That Without Any Hassle There Are Some That Do But Quite A Few Don't It's You I'd Say 40 60 40 Do And 60 Don't But I Do Find Them To Do Anyway Thanks A lot Thanks For Calling I Think We Have Time For One More Call Good Evening Hello Regarding The 540 Number There Was One Company Mentioned The Number Many Times And They Say 0100 To Make It Sound Like The Radio Station Of Z100 They Say 0100 And The Call Is Bill At 540 Well I Figured Out They Billing Those Calls At $5 And 40 Cents And There Is A New One That Is Pretty Clever It From Huntington Long Island That Is Many 540 Numbers Running Out Of Huntington It Is Out Of A Mail Drop I Think It Is E Enterprises They Just Started A New One About A Week Ago So New That When I Called The Telephone Business Office To Find Who Something Then I Realized I Had Taped The Call I Played It Back It The Same Address As The Zero 100 They Called My Office Phone In The Police Station Today That That's That's A Big Mistake Did You Dial Up To See If You Won The Binoculars No No Well I Have Three Lines At Home And They Get Two Or Three Sometimes Wow Listen Sir We're Out Of Time But Thanks For Thanks For Calling In One Final Question The 540 Numbers Have You Seen The 540 Signs For Apartment For Rent That Are Plastered On Telephone Polls It's Big Enough So You Can See The Phone Number But Not Big Enough So You Can See The Charge We Printed One In The Last Issue 2600 I Didn't See It But Certainly If Well Known Computer Hacker I Think We've Got Some Common Ground To Stand On Here As Far As Tracking Down The Real Ripoffs Out There And I Think A lot Of Hackers Out There Are The Ones That Are Going To Find These Rippoffs Before Anybody else Want to Give Any Kind Of Number Way People Can Get Ahold And Report Things If They See Something That Should Not Be Right Well State Troop L Headquarters In Farmingdale The Telephone Number There Is Area Code 516 756 3390 Or If It's Outside Of The New York City Area Anywhere Else In The State Of New York You Call Our Number In Albany Which Is 518 457 5712 And They Will Help You Okay Thanks Very Much For Being On The Show And That's Going To Just About Do It For Us Here Tonight On Off The Hook Next Week We Are Not On Next Week Is Earth Day But We Will Be Back In Two Weeks So We'll See You Then Stay Tuned For The Personal Computer Show This is Emmanuel Goldstein Good Night Good From Dilly Bom For The Best Expect For Worst I Hope That's Understood From Dilly Bo