ED preparation courses to young people ages 17 to 21. Our program will prepare students to pass the examination for the general equivalency diploma. Career workshops, resume preparation, and job referrals will be provided to students who qualify. For more information, call us at 212-996-0161. That's 212-996-0161. If you've been abused or harassed by the police, then document it. Call the New York City Police Watch Hotline at 212-614-6454. For information and legal referrals, the New York City Police Watch Hotline, 212-614-6454. If the police abuse or harass, let's document it. This has been a public service announcement on behalf of the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights, a non-profit organization. You're tuned to Hi-Fi, WBAI 99.5 on your FM dial, New York. OK, this is Joe Franklin broadcasting on radio station WBAI. It's 99.5% all natural and preservative free. WBAI-FM in New York. I love this radio station. We had to hold a gun to his head to get him to say that. But anyway, we're not under any duress here. It's radio station WBAI in New York, and we'll all hear of our own free will. Time now for Off the Hook. Our theme, however, is another story. So I ripped it off the wall. I cut myself while shaving. Now I can't make a call. It couldn't get much worse. But if they could, they would. Bum-diddly-bum for the best. Expect the worst. I hope that's understood. Bum-diddly-bum. And a very good evening to everybody. Sorry for the technical difficulties. And if you think we're having technical difficulties tonight, just wait until Friday, January 31st, 1999. We're going to be speaking about Y2K for the most part tonight. How it may or may not affect you and your loved ones and your hated ones and everybody else on the planet. First, however, some news items and some listener feedback, which we always encourage. Just outside of Los Angeles, in its quest to make the radio airwaves safe for Alanis Morissette, Dr. Laura, and deodorant commercials, the FCC busted pirate radio station KBLT earlier this month, seizing its transmitter and shutting down Los Angeles' newest and most diverse music outlet. They don't even play this kind of music on commercial radio, and that's so mellow and bland and boring, you know? I mean, think about it. That's good. Now, it's time for the main thrust of tonight's program, the year 2000 countdown to doom. Yes, it's coming. None of us can stop it. It's on the horizon and it's getting closer with every passing minute. I'm talking about January 1st, 2000. Just over a year away. And nobody, nobody knows how it's going to turn out. They say America and Russia should shut down their nuclear arsenals rather than risk Armageddon because of year 2000 glitches, according to a military research group. They say Y2K errors could cause the systems to go haywire, leading to an erroneous early warning report, or even triggering an accidental launch of a nuclear missile. And that's, according to the British-American Security Information Council, a 36-page report. They don't mess around. Both superpowers keep their arsenals in the constant state of readiness, a Cold War-era strategy that could backfire with devastating results if the computer gremlins strike. If Y2K breakdowns were to produce inaccurate early warning data, or if communications and command channels were to be compromised, the combination of hair-trigger force postures and Y2K failures could be disastrous. And that's, according to the author of The Bug in the Bomb, the impact of the year 2000 problem on nuclear weapons. You see, nuclear weapons systems are laced with embedded systems controlling functions such as ballistics and sensors that have not been declared free from year 2000 worries. Most missiles also keep track of time since the last monthly or yearly servicing, which could transform weapons into plutonium-packed paperweights if the systems shut down on January 1st, 2000. A Defense Department official who spoke on condition of anonymity said nuclear weapons systems have received the Pentagon's full attention and will be in good shape. He added, military leaders are already discussing Y2K issues with their Russian counterparts. So far, terrorist officials have not gotten back to them. And we have some tips for being prepared for the year 2000. The Y2K personal preparedness list here comes from the site Y2Ktool.com. Accepting that the year 2000 problems are real despite what you may have seen or heard. Appreciating there is not enough money or manpower to solve all the problems in time and that many are facing a catch-22 scenario. Admitting fear or anxiety but avoiding panic. Maintaining a good sense of humor and keeping your cool. Preparing your home and workplace for disruptions in utilities, telecommunications, transportation and government services. Understanding that interdependence will create a domino effect so pervasive that virtually everyone on earth will be impacted by Y2K. Acknowledging that neither Bill Clinton nor Bill Gates can prevent the millennium meltdown from affecting you and what you care about. Protecting your loved ones from potential nuclear perils, healthcare calamities and other embedded systems anomalies. Preserving the value of your investments, retirement accounts and other assets. And proactively cooperating with, enlightening and assisting others in your community, workplace, industry and around the world. Y2K They say that due to liability issues businesses aren't going to disclose their true risk from Y2K. In order to stem fear and panic, governments will do their best to prevent full disclosure of their Year 2K risk. The mainstream media hasn't informed the public about Y2K in an adequate and timely manner. Fear mongering and millennial madness contribute to Y2K misinformation and misunderstanding. Y2K And there are several reasons why Y2K projects won't be completed on time. Historically, most computer projects don't finish on time. Y2K The Y2K problem is the largest computer project in history and it has a fixed deadline. Y2K is much more than a computer project. It is an unprecedented business problem of epic proportions. Most Y2K projects were initiated too late and a lot of time remains. The effort required to fix Y2K has been grossly underestimated in most cases. Not enough specialists are available to perform the work. Y2K project managers have no technical precedent and are in uncharted territory. Most businesses and governments still don't have effective Y2K plans in place. Many still have no Y2K plans. Do you have a Y2K plan? Reasons why Y2K should be a concern for you personally. Electricity, telephones, and banks are completely dependent on computers. Your standard of living is completely dependent on electricity, telephones, and banks. The majority of people will not be adequately informed and educated much less prepared for the probable consequences of Y2K. Our goal meaning the goal of Y2Kwatch.com from which this information is coming from is to be a voice of reason in helping people prepare spiritually physically and financially. And yes, there are a number of products that this company is selling to help them financially but you'll have to go to their site to see that. If you're not part of the solution to Y2K awareness and preparation you're part of the problem. We recommend you hope and pray for the best but prepare for the near worst. Better safe than sorry. And finally, knowing a lot of facts about Y2K won't be beneficial unless you apply that knowledge. And finally, we have a list of items that are for sale that we can talk about. The Y2K Survival Kit, version 1.0 You can find this at CMSassociates.com Here it is, the original and only Y2K Survival Kit the ultimate protection against Y2K, the millennium, and office boredom. This is sure to be the gift of the millennium. Reserve yours now. Top quality textured aluminum case with embossed riveted Y2K Survival Kit secure latch and black velvet lining. It does look really impressive. Computer's going to crash? No problem. The Y2K Survival Kit includes a brand new replacement computer with no electronic parts or silicon chips. And Abacus, the world's first computer. Light's going to go out? No problem. The Y2K Survival Kit includes a portable light source with energy cells. A flashlight. Navigation system's going to fail? No problem. No problem, Mr. Orchestra Leader. Everybody be calm. The Y2K Survival Kit includes a personal navigation system to find your way home. A compass! The world's first GPS. Machine's going to break down? No problem. The Y2K Survival Kit includes a palm-sized tool kit to fix broken machines and secure food and shelter. A multi-purpose survival tool. When is this going to happen? The Y2K Survival Kit includes a millennium countdown clock that shows current date and time along with the days, hours, and minutes until the year 2000. And it will operate after the year 2000. How can I tell if my computer is going to be affected? Should I run? Should I hide? The Y2K Survival Kit includes the amazing Y2K Computer Failure Predictor Dice. One roll will tell you if your computer will recognize 00 as the year 1900 or 2000. Hey, who really knows? I'll tell you one thing. I can hardly wait. How about you? I'm just ready for whatever comes down the pipe there. Are you really? Are you ready for anything? Are you ready for those Russian nuclear missiles to just accidentally hit into Queens or something? Well, it's interesting. I'm sure you're familiar with the term fail-safe. Yeah, it's bad. Remember that film? It ended with the whole world getting blown up. There's a number of them where we nuke Moscow and the president says, oh, we'll nuke New York. Is that the one where the guy rides the nuclear missile like a horse? Because he's so into bombing Moscow? Yeah, I mix them all up. One of the things about the silos is that a lot of the Minuteman missiles, once they are put on alert, where I'm not going to use any specific terminology because people are suddenly going to question where I got this. Well, you can say an anonymous source if you want. One of the things that happens is you are fully dependent on communications so that if all of a sudden your particular site, be it a silo or otherwise, loses comms with national authoritative command, be it the Looking Glass plane or the White House itself, your orders are launch. This may have to be revised. We really can't waste all our time worrying about what the guys in Washington and Moscow are going to do. Let's bring it close to home. How is this going to affect me, my grocery shopping habits, my electricity, my telephones, things like that? Let's start with the embedded controllers that control security systems around. Now that the system isn't Y2K, you can no longer get into the control room at the nuclear power plant to make adjustments. Again, nuclear stuff. But how about non-nuclear stuff? If the world gets blown up, alright. You can have, ranging from fairly benign to catastrophic. Of course, the ultimate catastrophe is nuclear Armageddon. Typically, it's just ignored because you can't do anything. Actually, you can, but that's another program. You can leave the planet. You can also affect some change from the grassroots level. Are you going to do that in a year, though? That's true. I don't see why. Time for people to start waking up. Again, that's another program. Benign. Let's see. You may have a lot of slight inconveniences, to say the least. Like what? Like what? Well, there have been problems with, say, in the very beginning when credit cards were issued for expiration dates of the year 2000. People who were going to the grocery stores and using these cards to pay. It's a one-time thing. It's in the interest of the credit card companies to fix that. They're not going to say, oh, you're out of luck because your credit card expired 100 years ago. They're going to want to fix that. So one time it gets messed up and then they change it. They say, okay, it's not a 1900 computer, it's 2000. So deal with that and move on. But the problem was that it took about weeks to months to make this change. At which point, a lot of these people were having some serious problems so far as their financial stability. Because people now are fairly reliant on credit cards. See, this is one of the reasons I'm happy to live on a planet where time is predictable. That's true. As opposed to those where time hits you by surprise. We know when 2000 is coming. We know it's going to be here December 31st, 1999, right after that. So we have time to figure this out. We know exactly what's coming. So why can't we get it right? Well, you're thinking as an individual who is fairly well-motivated. IBM, up until a few years ago, would take six months to ship an empty box. So maybe IBM will go the way of the dinosaur. That's true. But one of the problems is all of IBM's products will also go the way of the dinosaur. And why should that concern me? Why should that concern you? Because IBM machines control some fairly serious systems. For instance, one of the more interesting scenarios is government computer systems having serious problems so far as date processing. One of the most interesting scenarios I've been proposing to people is this coming April. The state of New York will start inputting its data for fiscal year 2000. That's pretty optimistic. They're assuming there's going to be a year 2000. Well, again, we don't know. But once you start putting in a number of those zeros, you may start seeing the computer going, huh, and doing 100-year-off kind of things. So now all of a sudden, social security checks, welfare checks, food stamps, and a lot of other government-paid programs aren't going to be shipped out. So now you have a number of people who are fairly well-dependent on these particular grantings of just monetary monies, and they're not getting their checks. But again, how long do you think this will go on for before somebody says, hey, this is what it takes to fix that? It's literally moving a couple of numbers around. It's complicated in that most of these programs were written in COBOL. To tell you the truth, I don't know COBOL. I don't know many people who do. What's with these people that wrote these programs in the first place? Back in the 60s, didn't they think we were going to make it to 2000? Well, in the 60s, they were far more concerned with memory. Did you ever have a Commodore 64? Actually, I skipped that stage. Everything you'll ever need will fit on a five-and-a-quarter-inch disk. But back in the day, as it were, you had serious constraints so far as memory, in that storing a date as two digits for a month, two digits for a year, two digits for a day, and four digits for a year, you were simply repeating that 19 over and over and over and over and over again. Two digits for a day? That's only seven days. Why do you need two digits for a day? The date. I'm sorry. The day was usually computed. But the point was, they needed to save memory because memory was very expensive. So to keep having those 19s continually processed made no sense. So they said, okay, here's your six-digit date stamp, including your month, date, and year. Nobody ever revised that. Companies who paid to have the software written back in 1960-something had a working system, and they didn't see the problem. All could have been avoided if computers had been invented in the late 1800s. Say 1890, then we would have said, hey, we have to have three digits for the date. And then somebody else would have said, you know, as long as we're doing three digits, why not do four? There you go. If Babbage's machine worked, that would be pretty cool. What can individuals do? Let's open up the phone lines. 212-209-2900. Except for you, Rebel. What's a good number for him to call? A really expensive one down in Guam where you talk to the lady who basically...well, never mind. What can individual people do as far as getting... Aware or prepared? Well, I mean, should they set their computers ahead and say, oh, it made it past 2000. I'm safe. Well, a lot of these things you really can't prepare for because you don't know what's going to happen. One of the big survivalist things is ready for everything. Well, the average citizen doesn't really go out and becomes ready for everything. Someone told me to bury my money in the backyard. It's not going to be worth anything if Federal Reserve Banks crash. I shouldn't bury it at all. Well, the piece of paper you have in your hand is, you know, it's got green ink on it, and it says United States government. And everybody seems to respect that as a reasonable means of exchanging goods and services. Well, grudgingly, yeah. Well, we have to. It's not much of a choice. Unless you want to use Canadian dollars, then you're walking around with twice the number of bills that you'd normally be carrying. But that's besides the point. It's worth it for the looks on the faces of the people you give it to. That's true. I've given people Canadian coins. But basically, if you know what hits the fan, all of a sudden, the people with food aren't going to be taking little pieces of paper because little pieces of paper with the green ink aren't going to mean anything when they have to go and get a shovel or something else. It would very easily be conceivable going back to the big-time barter system where you have what I need, I have what you need, let's make a deal. So the intermediary being cash would probably drop out of sight. You know what's interesting about this, though, is that underdeveloped nations I don't think are going to be affected at all by this because things are going to go on pretty much as normal. It's the big industrialized nations like us that are going to totally bury ourselves. The third world is sitting on its very happy plateau. We're just going to fall to their level. The great equalizer. I'm sure this is in biblical prophecy someplace. Nostradamus and the Bible, they're all getting these things out. I heard a preacher when I was down in the South who went beyond this. He was talking about how future planets must be Christianized. Planets that we discover in the future, how the word of the Lord must be spread. They've already prepared for this. Extra-terrestrial cultures. They're already ready for that. I always wondered how that was going to be, what kind of transition that was going to be. Apparently, for the missionaries, it's going to be a very smooth transition. I can almost hardly wait just to see how that's going to work out. Especially when they meet up with some phasers along the way. Let's take some phone calls. 212-209-2900. We're talking about Y2K and Y Indeed. I'd like to know your viewpoints, your questions, your fears, your panics, whatever it is that strikes you at this moment. Whether it's something that we need to concern ourselves with at all personally. This is my personal point of view. I think it's a lot of fun to talk about, but I really don't think anything's going to happen. Is there a place I can put money on that? I think I stand to win quite a lot because everybody else is saying everything bad is going to happen. I'm the only one saying that nothing at all is going to happen. I'd imagine Vegas has odds. Oh, Vegas. That's the place to be. Can you imagine what's going to happen to those machines down there? Oh, yeah. That'd be fun. If something were to happen, which I don't think will happen. Make sure you get a handwritten receipt. Yeah, that's going to be interesting. Four-digit dates. This has been our lucky line all the times that we've hit it, so I'm going to hit it again. Good evening. You're on the air. Excuse me? Yes, go ahead. You're on the air. Speak up. I'm on the air right now? Yes, you are. Speak up. You're on the air. In the 60s, the programmers knew about Y2K, but they made it like that anyway because of course the lifespan for the computers should have been at the most 10 years. How is it that these computers have lasted so long, or is it just the programs that got carried over to other computers? I'm really not sure. Programmers that came to update the system in 10 years didn't fix the problem because it costs too much to replace so much stuff. That's probably why, yes. It all has to do with money and finances and things like that. What is it, in the billions now? Yes, it's reasonable. It's insane. Where are you calling from? Michigan. Stay out of harm's way there. Can I give a shout out? Binary zero. That was as quick as we could allow it. By the way, speaking of catastrophe and mayhem in the skies and things like that, I want everybody to go out and see the meteors tonight. Yes, actually. I'm planning on that. Most of the country, in fact most of the world, you guys over in Europe, it's still dark over there, so if you're listening now you can probably run out and see it, assuming there aren't any clouds. Something on the order of 1,000 meteors an hour are visible. They say this may mess up some satellite communications. If one of these little microscopic dust particles happens to hit a satellite in the wrong way it could create all kinds of electrical interference. It could also do some physical damage. You might see some preview of what kind of chaos we're in for Y2K. Again, just go out and look at the skies after the show, of course. Here in New York, it's cloudy now, but it's supposed to clear up around midnight, so if you're giving up on it, don't. Optimal viewing in New York is between about 1 a.m. and 2 a.m. I've been hearing between 1 and 5. When you go outside, however long you want to stay. It's going to be cold, so dress warm. Everybody around the country can probably see something, and those of you in other parts. Japan got a great view last night. Whatever night was for them last, that's when they got a really great view. That's something that I want everybody to pay strict attention to. The next meteor shower of this nature won't be until the year 2031. Assuming, of course, we survive that one. I understand there's a moon that night, too, so you want to definitely keep it in mind that this is going to be a good one if you can see through the clouds. Okay, back to Y2K and back to the phones. Hello? Yeah, hi. I was wondering if we all have Windows 98 installed on the computers, if they would get affected, too, by the Y2K. Well, there's more than one thing that can be screwed up on the home personal computer. If you have a very old BIOS, all of a sudden, gee, that's going to fail, so now Windows 98, who's keeping track of its own dates, I don't know if it is compliant. It is? Okay, thank you. I know there was supposed to be an earlier version, a boot version that came out before it, that wasn't supposed to be so hot, that it had little problems with it. Then they came out with another version where it was supposed to be 2000 ready, and you're supposed to set up your computer a certain way to test if it's supposed to be 2000 ready. The beta version wasn't. Does it guarantee that it's going to have no problems with the personal computers at home? It doesn't guarantee anything, because there's the possibility that they would lose badly. Have you called Microsoft and asked them if they would guarantee it? No, not really. Try it. If you want to laugh, see what kind of response you get. They'll probably tell me yes. In all computers at home, what can happen to the computer? The thing is, your computers are going to be speaking with other computers over the net, and one of those computers may react badly, and mail may not get sent, passed along the way they're supposed to be, because the date didn't get translated correctly there. So you could be affected indirectly, even if your own personal system works just fine. And the same holds true of just about every other aspect of our life. That's, of course, assuming that I take this seriously, which I don't. But it should work, though, right? Is there going to be such a drastic problem where it's going to affect me, let's say? Well, for what you're doing, I'm assuming it's like word processing in the game and so forth. You probably won't have a horrible, horrible difficulty. No, because your electricity will be cut off, and you won't have anyone using your computer. Right? Isn't that what we're talking about? I mean, I don't want people to panic. I want to just draw things out of you, but electricity's going to fail, mayhem in the streets. If you want scenarios, I can give you scenarios. Yeah, give us scenarios. That's what we want to hear about. Let's say I'm on the internet and I'm browsing through stuff. I'm not going to have a problem with using a computer, like, let's say, actually going on the computer and signing on, and they're not going to have a problem with my account? Well, your points of failure are, firstly, your own machine. Assuming your software will work, that you can actually dial your modem and so forth, that will bring you to your second point of failure, which is your internet service provider. If their equipment is having problems, you're not going to get online at all. So say you get past your ISP. Now you're using the internet itself. The internet is consistent of a number of routers and gateways and yada, yada, yada, so on and so forth. The internet was actually designed so that if systems fail, you can still be rerouted around problem areas. So you could conceivably get around problem number three, which is actually connecting to the remote server. Point of failure number four is if the remote server is actually even running. If they're using an old system to actually serve your webpage, they may have crashed, and you're not going to be able to get there. So there's a lot of things along the way that could become a problem, but you could reasonably get there if you had to. Thanks for the call. We're going to move on. Also, one other point I heard about with regards to internet accounts, a lot of them are going to come into existence in the year 2000 and say, hey, this person hasn't changed his password in a hundred years. Conversely, they'll say, it's a hundred years before this person's account was ever created, so therefore let him in with no password whatsoever because it doesn't yet exist. Billing will get interesting, too, especially for America Online. It's either going to be very big or very small. By the way, we just got notified by two different phones that we have 115 internet listeners, so a big hello to all those people out there. One of the things that's going to happen on his personal computer is that when we save files, they put a system time date stamp on those files, and if he saved the files yesterday and it's 1999 and he does it today and the computer looks at it as 00, it may erase his file saying it's the older file looking to keep the newer ones. Files are not going to get updated on personal computers. Well, on some anyway. On some. How about Macs? Macs have been Y2K compliant since 1984. Really? Yes. That's when they came out. The very first Mac off the assembly line was dealing with four-digit years. Talk about thinking 16 years ahead. That's something. That's why Mac is where it is now, because they think 16 years ahead. Let's take a call over here. We're getting into the danger zone here, but let's take a call anyway. Good evening. You're on the air. Oh, hello. It's Professor Kleistron. Could I just change the subject to pirate radio for a second? We're running out of time. First of all, it's not just on FM anymore, and I'm trying to encourage pirate stations in this area, but I just hope that our local pirates won't get too caught up in the legal end of pirate radio. We should do what they did in the book in October, and that's overrun them with stations. Thanks for calling. Once I push the button, I can't un-push the button. You hear the person trying to talk for a second after I push the button. There's nothing I can do. I can't bring them back. I'm not a god. I just press the buttons. Another interesting thing about pirate radio is that it's likely to survive Y2K. I don't know what's going to happen to radio. It's going to be an interesting week here at BAI, but we'll see what happens. Good evening. You're on the air. This is Ruud from Brooklyn. I was just going to talk about the October 6th issue of PC Magazine. They talked about Y2K. One of the writers talked about the electrical grid and the electrical companies. Less than 5% or 10% of all companies are Y2K ready to go. If one of them fails, a lot of these systems will just shut down for safety issues. Thank you, OSHA. One of the problems with power is that power plants need an amount of energy to actually start their generators. You have these things rotating at incredibly high speeds, and typically they make enough power so that they can keep doing this. Once you shut down a generator, you need to get it back up. When plants were originally devised, you had these little diesel jump start mechanisms that sat in a shed out back or something and would actually start the generators. As time went by and the grids were established, it became acceptable to remove these diesel startup engines and simply suck power from the next guy on the grid to start your generator. If you have enough failures, all of a sudden, all these stations are going to try and start sucking power from their neighbors to start their generators, and that's going to trip the breakers on their neighbors. Did that happen to AT&T in 1990 with all their cell phone systems shut down? It kept tripping up and up the system. That was SS7 being implemented and not exactly being understood along the way. So far as power, this has happened on the West Coast where one station actually knocked off the grid in Washington. They tried jumping off the next guy. The next guy's breakers tripped, so he went down. So then the two of them were trying to start from a third guy whose breakers tripped. That was real life? This is real life. I thought that was a film. That really happened? This has happened. That's the thing. I see news and then I turn to one of the movie channels. I can't separate them because life is getting as strange as films or maybe films are getting as dull as life. I don't know. One or the other. Thanks for the call. We're out of time. Isaac and Ray, I want to thank you very much for stopping in and talking about Y2K Countdown to Doom as we start the sobering series of programs just one year and change left to go. Next week, however, we'll be talking about something a bit more optimistic, the beginning of something kind of pleasant here in New York, DSL. We'll be talking with the first, apparently the first DSL provider in the city, in the area. So stay tuned for that program. That's a week from tonight. Until then, this is Emanuel Goldstein for Off The Hook. Have yourselves a good night and stay compliant with Y2K. Good night. Good night. Good night. Just remember, their motto is protect and serve. If you've been abused or harassed by the police, then document it. Call the New York City Police Watch Hotline at 212-614-6454. For information and legal referrals, the New York City Police Watch Hotline, 212-614-6454. If the police abuse or harass, let's document it. This has been a public service announcement on behalf of the Ella Baker Center for Human Rights, a non-profit organization. You're tuned to WBAI 99.5 FM in New York. Stay tuned for Tahrir, your weekly magazine on Arab and Muslim issues.