HDC: Newbies Guide To Unix

A Newbies guide to UNIX
By: UNIX kid for www.hackers.com

Intro
Getting UNIX
Unix shell accounts
A list of commands
More commands
A list of web sites about Unix

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Intro:
UNIX, in my opinion, is Supreme of all the Operating Systems (O/S). Computers and the Internet would be nowhere without it. In fact almost all, main frames run some form of UNIX, which is why you need to know about it. If you want to be a real hacker you can't get anywhere without some knowledge of UNIX.

Getting UNIX:
I'm going to tell you now that it will be very difficult to find old school Unix like system V or System III, but you can get Linux or BSD they are both a form of UNIX. Linux comes in many packages or versions like Red Hat Linux, or Linux Mandrake. BSD comes in many packages also, like free BSD and open BSD, even Pico BSD. For a new user I would recommend Linux Mandrake, it will be easier for a beginner. Linux can be downloaded from the Internet or you can buy it from any good computer store. Unless you have a fast Internet connection I would buy it, it could take up to 3 days to download.

UNIX shell accounts:
If you can't get Linux or BSD then a shell account is the next best thing. A shell account is an account on a Unix system that lets you do all kinds of things like finger and chat on a BBS, but best of all it allows you to use Unix (See Unix commands.) You can get shell accounts from www.cyberspace.org and they are free or call your ISP and see if they will give you one. They usually cost around $10 a month.

UNIX commands: A list of commands and a quick description Back to Top

alias
awk
bdiff
bfs
cal
cat
cc
cd
chgrb
chmod
chown
cmp
comm
cp
cu
date
df
diff
du
echo
ed
env
ex
expr
find
f77
Format
grep
help
kill
ln
lpr
ls
mail
mkdir
more
mv
nohup
nroff
passwd
pkgadd
ps
pwd
rm
rmdir
set
setenv
sleep
source
sort
spell
split
stty
tail
tar
touch
troff
tset
umask
uniq
uucp
vi
vipw
volcheck
wc
who
write
! this allows the user view the current aliases
this allows the user to search for a pattern within a file
compares two large files
scans a large file
shows a calendar
concatenates and prints a file
c compiler
Changes directories
changes a file groups ownership
Changes the permission on a file
Changes the individual ownership of a file
compares two files
Compares two files so as to determine which lines common to both
Copies file to another location
calls another Unix system
Returns the date and time
shows all mounted drives on your machine
displays the difference between two files
shows the disk usage in blocks for a directory
Echoes the data to the screen or file
Text editor
lists the current environment variables
Another text editor
Evaluates a mathematical formula
Finds a file
Fortran compiler
Initializes a floppy disk
searches for a pattern within a file
gives help
Stops a running process
Creates a link between two files
copies the file to the line printer
lists the files in a directory
Allows the user to send/receive mail
makes directory
displays a data file to the screen
Used to move or rename files
Allows a command to continue running even when you log out
used to format text
Changes your password
installs a new program onto your machine
Lists the current processes running
Displays the name of the working directory
Removes files
Removes directories
lists all the variables in the current shell
sets the environment variables
causes a process to become inactive
allows the user to execute a file and update any changed values in that file
Sorts files
checks for spelling errors in a file
Divides a file
sets the terminal options
displays the end of a file
copies all specified files into one
Creates an empty file or updates the time/date stamp on a file
outputs formatted output
Sets the terminal type
specify a new creation mask
compares two files
Unix to Unix execute
Full screen editor
opens the vi editor as well as password file for editing
checks to see if there is a floppy disk mounted to your machine
displays detail in the full size
inf. on other people online
send a message to another user
Repeats commands

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More commands with a better description (Not all commands are listed).Back to Top

cat: -b, --number-nonblank
Numbers all nonblank output lines, starting with 1.

-e
Equivalent to -vE.

-n, --number
Number all output lines, starting with 1.

-s, --squeeze-blank
Replaces multiple adjacent blank lines with a single blank line.

-t
Equivalent to -vT.

-u
Ignored; for Unix compatibility.

-v, --show-nonprinting
Displays control characters except for LFD and TAB using `^' notation and precede
Characters that have the high bit set with `M-'.

-A, --show-all
Equivalent to -vET.

-E, --show-ends
Display a `$' after the end of each line.

-T, --show-tabs
Display TAB characters as `^I'.

--help
Prints a usage message and exit with a status code indicating success.

--version
Prints version information on standard output then exit.

List of web sites about Unix
www.ugu.com

www.unix.com

www.hacknix.com

www.linux.com

www.crackmonkey.com/unix

www.unixclan.box.sk

www.jnkostaras.freeservers.com/cgi-bin/framed/3200/main

I know that last one was long but it's worth it.
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Well that's it for this guide.....