A Study Prepared by The Staff of the
Subcommittee on Constitutional Rights of the
Committee On The Judiciary, United States Senate
Ninety-Third Congress, Second Session
Subcommittee Chair, Senator Sam Ervin, Jr.
For more extensive excerpts, see http://www.mindcontrolforums.com/mla/bad-behavior.htm.
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Conclusion
This brief memorandum concludes by placing the Violence Center in
the
perspective of other voices heard around the country as to the
"answer" to violence. A Santa Monica psychosurgeon has
spontaneously
offered to do brain operations on California prisoners, especially
young aggressive males. Dr. Ralph K. Schwitzgebel, a
colleague of
Dr. Sweet, and Dr. Robert L. Schwitzgebel of the Claremont
Graduate
School in California have just published a book, Psychotechnology:
Electronic Control of Mind and Behavior, in which they describe
the
present and potential use of brain implants and radio telemetry to
monitor human emotions, location, and behavior, and to control
behavior in various fields, including law enforcement. Dr. Barton
Ingraham and Dr. Gerald W. Smith, both recent recipients of
Ph.D. degrees from the School of Criminology, University of
California, Berkeley, recently advocated the permanent implantation of
radio receiver-transmitters in the brains of parolees (Issues in
Criminology, Fall, 1972). They envision the automatic
monitoring of
parolees by a computer which, if it detected a probability of
misbehavior by the parolee, would cause him to abandon his activities
by delivering and electrical shock to his brain and/or by calling the
police to his radio-monitored location. A number of prototypes of
such devices have been tested under field conditions, and the
Schwitzgebel brothers have designed methods to insure that the wearer
of the device cannot remove or disarm it.
A recent report, not yet fully confirmed, discloses a program in
California to computerize files on "pre-delinquent" children so that
early behavior problems can be filed and the individuals who exhibit
these tendencies can be checked for the rest of their lives. The
computer files of these primary-grade children are prepared without
the consent of their parents and are tied into the files of law
enforcement agencies.
This is a grim picture indeed. We ask that U.C.L.A. not become
a
place where politicians obtain the techniques for scientific
pacification of our population. As taxpayers we ask that money
only
be spent on carefully drafted proplsals with at least a possibility of
reducing the level of unhealthy violence in our society and that a
blank check not be given to pursue research on methods of repression.
As concerned citizens we ask that strict adherence be paid to the
legal rights and guarantees of freedom which serve as a cornerstone of
out nation. And finally, as human beings we ask for the
preservation
of our dignity.
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Electronics for Behavior Control and Observation
http://www.mindcontrolforums.com/mla/Section17.html
Reprint of an article from Issues in Criminology, vol. 7, No. 2
(1972), pp. 35 - 53. By Barton L. Ingraham and Gerald W. Smith.
p. 607
Internal devices
One of the leaders in the field of internal radio-telemetry devices
is
Mackay (1961). He has developed devices which he calls
"endoradiosondes." These are tiny transmitters that can be
swallowed
or implanted internally in man or animal.
[...]
Both "active" and "passive" transmitters have been developed,
"active"
transmitters containing a battery powering an oscillator, and
"passive" transmitters not containing an internal power source, but
having instead tuned circuits modulated from an outside power source.
Although "passive" systems enjoy the advantage of not being concerned
with power failure or battery replacement, they do not put out as good
a signal as an "active" system. Both transmitting systems, at
present, have ranges of a few feet to a dozen -- just enough to bring
out the signal from inside the body.
[...]
Before crime can be prevented the monitor must know what the subject
is doing or is about to do.... Moreover, since the incoming data
will
eventually be fed into a computer, it will be necessary to confine the
information transmitted to the computer to such non-verbal, non-visual
data as location, EEG patterns, ECG patterns and other physiological
data.
Footnote: Obviously, no system monitoring thousands of parolees
would
be practical if there had to be a human monitor for every monitored
subject on a 24-hour-a-day, seven-day-a-week basis. Therefore,
computers would be absolutely necessary.
[...]