When Obama migrated to Indonesia, he lost his U. S. citizenship, while gaining Indonesian Citizenship, since Indonesia does not allow dual citizenship.  Obama reaffirmed his Indonesian citizenship and therefore relinquished his U. S. citizenship yet again (if he ever had it) as an adult, while studying at Occidental College and traveling to Pakistan on an Indonesian passport.

Obama arrived in Indonesia at about the age of five according to most accounts, although it was possible he arrived at the age of six, according to a few sources.  If Lolo Soetoro adopted Obama at age five or younger, then Obama would automatically have become an Indonesian citizen according to the country’s laws in the 1960’s, which stipulated any child aged five or younger adopted by an Indonesian father is immediately granted Indonesian citizenship upon completion of the adoption process.

Obama was also registered in both of the Jakarta schools he attended as a citizen of Indonesia.

According to Indonesian legal experts, only Indonesian citizens could attend state-operated public schools.  Obama attended the Besuki Primary School, a state school.  He was enrolled as Barry Soetoro, Indonesian citizen and Muslim.

Assuming the adoption was in order, Soetoro remains the legal father of Obama even after the divorce.  He would still be Obama’s legal father.  Obama may very well have gone to the courts to correct his birth certificate but it amount to a name change only.

The U. S. State Department reports, "The Indonesian Citizenship Law states that children's citizenship is derived solely from the citizenship of the father.  Children of citizen mothers and foreign fathers are considered foreigners and require visas to remain in the country until the age of 18, at which time they may apply for citizenship.  They are prohibited from attending public schools and must attend private, international schools, which usually are more expensive."

In 1972, Ann took Barack Jr. back to Hawaii to live with her parents, who lived in a modest two-bedroom Honolulu apartment, at 1617 S. Beretania St., in order to save money for Obama’s tuition to attend the Punahou Academy, an elite private school. Madelyn would live at that address until her death on November 2nd, 2008.

Anna and Obama's half-sister Maya returned to Indonesia. Except for occasional visits to Hawaii, Dunham, who traveled throughout Southeast Asia on business, would remain based in Jakarta for the remainder of her life.