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NAME
-
tex, latex, bibtex, dvips, dviselect, mf - text formatting and typesetting
SYNOPSIS
-
tex
[
first-line
]
latex
file[.tex]
dvips
[
option ...
]
dvifile
dviselect
[
-s
] [
-i
infile
] [
-o
outfile
]
list of pages
[
infile
[
outfile
] ]
bibtex
auxname
mf
[
first-line
]
DESCRIPTION
-
Tex
formats interspersed text and commands
and outputs a
.dvi
(`device independent') file.
An argument given on the command line
behaves as the first input line.
That line should begin with a (possibly truncated) file name
or a
\controlsequence.
Thus
tex paper
processes the file
paper.tex.
The base name of
paper
becomes the
jobname,
and is used in forming output file names.
If no file is named, the jobname is
texput.
The default
.tex
extension can be overridden by specifying an extension explicitly.
The output is written on
jobname.dvi
which can be printed using
lp(1).
A log of error messages goes into
jobname.log
As well as the standard TeX fonts, many PostScript
fonts can be used
(see the contents of
/sys/lib/tex/fonts/psvf).
The file
testfont.tex
(in the standard macro directory) will print a table of any font.
These environment variables adjust the behavior of
tex:
-
TEXINPUTS
- Search path for
\input
and
\openin
files.
It should be colon-separated,
and start with dot.
Default:
.:/sys/lib/tex/macros
- TEXFONTS
- Search path for font metric files.
Default:
/sys/lib/tex/fonts/tfm
- TEXFORMATS
- Search path for format files.
Default:
/sys/lib/tex/macros
- TEXPOOL
- Search path for strings.
Default:
/sys/lib/tex
- TEXEDIT
- Template for the switch-to-editor-on-error option,
with
%s
for the file name
and
%d
for the line number.
Default:
/bin/ed %s
Latex
is a version of
tex
with a standard set of macros loaded.
Latex
produces
file.dvi
and a cross-referencing file,
file.aux
It might be necessary to run
latex
twice, to get all of the cross-referencing done properly.
Slitex
is a variant of
latex
with fonts and commands suitable for making slides.
Bibtex
is a bibliography processing program, often used in conjunction
with
latex.
Bibtex
reads the top-level auxiliary
(.aux)
file output by
latex
and creates a bibliography
(.bbl)
file to be included in the LaTeX
source file.
The
auxname
on the command line should be given without an extension.
Each
\cite
in the source file is looked up in bibliography files to gather
together those used in the document.
Then a bibliography style file is executed to write a
\thebibliography
environment.
The source file should have defined the bibliography
(.bib)
files to search with the
\bibliography
command, and the bibliography style
(.bst)
file to execute with the
\bibliographystyle
command.
Bibtex
searches the
TEXINPUTS
path for
.bst
files, and the
BIBINPUTS
path for
.bst
files.
The LaTeX manual describes how to make bibliography files.
Dvips
converts
.dvi
files to PostScript,
writing the result on standard output.
It is normally invoked by
lp(1),
but if invoked separately, the following options are useful:
-
-r
- reverse pages.
-r0
means don't reverse pages (if reversing is default).
- -Tdev
- output device:
dev
is one of
laserwriter
(default for
dvips),
fax,
gnot,
lino
(the computer center's high resolution PostScript service), or
ljfour
(600 dpi PostScript).
- -L
- print paper in landscape mode.
- -Z
- compress the fonts before sending them.
- -Z0
- don't compress the fonts before sending them.
The following environment variables affect
dvips:
-
TEXPKS
- Search path for font bitmaps (PK files).
- TEXVFONTS
- Search path for virtual font descriptions.
Dviselect
selects pages from a
.dvi
file, creating a new
.dvi
file.
A
range
is a string of the form
first:last
where both
first
and
last
are optional numeric strings, with negative numbers indicated by
a leading underscore character
(_).
If both
first
and
last
are omitted, the colon may also be omitted, or may be replaced
with an asterisk
(*).
A
TeX page selector
is a list of pages separated by periods. A
list of pages
is described by a set of page TeX page selectors,
separated by commas and/or white space.
Dviselect
actually looks at the ten
count
variables that TeX writes; the first of these (\count0) is the
page number, with \count1 through \count9 having varied uses
depending on which macro packages are in use. (Typically \count1
is a chapter or section number.) A page is included in
dviselect's
output if all its \count values are within any one of the ranges
listed on the command line. For example, the command
dviselect *.1,35:
might select everything in chapter 1, as well as pages 35 and up.
Instead of \count values,
dviselect
can also select by absolute page number,
indicated by a leading equal sign
(=).
Ranges of absolute
pages are also allowed:
dviselect =3:7
will extract the third
through seventh pages.
Dvips
understands some extended graphics commands that can be output using
tpic specials
in the TeX source.
Many of them work by building up a path of
x,y
pairs, and then doing something with the path.
The tpic coordinate system has its origin at the current dvi position
when a drawing special is emitted;
all length arguments are in units of milli-inches,
and the y-axis goes positive downward.
-
\special{pa x y}
- Add
x,y
to the current path.
- \special{fp}
- Flush the current path: draw it as a polygonal line and reset the path
to be empty.
- \special{da dlen}
- Like
fp
but draw dashed line, with dashes
dlen
milli-inches long.
- \special{dt slen}
- Like
fp
but draw a dotted line, with dots
slen
apart.
- \special{sp}
- Like
fp
but draw a quadratic spline. The spline goes through the midpoints of the
segments of the path, and straight pieces extend it to the endpoints.
- \special{ar x y xr yr s e}
- Draw a circular or elliptical arc with center at
x,y
and radii
xr and yr.
The arc goes clockwise from angle
s
to angle
e
(angles measured clockwise from the positive x-axis).
- \special{pn n}
- Set line width (pen diameter) to
nmilli-inches.
- \special{bk}
- Set shading to black (will fill the next object drawn with black).
- \special{sh}
- Set shading to grey.
- \special{wh}
- Set shading to white.
- \special{psfile=file options}
- Include
file,
which should be a PostScript illustration,
making its origin be the current dvi position.
The default PostScript transformation matrix will be in effect,
but it can be modified by the
options,
a list of space-separated
key=value
assignments.
Allowed keys are:
hoffset, voffset, hscale, vscale, angle,
If supplied, these values are supplied to PostScript
translate,scale, and rotate"
commands, in that order.
Also, keys hsize and vsize may be supplied, to cause clipping to
those sizes.
Sizes and offsets should be specified in points,
angles should be specified in degrees.
All of the specials leave TeX at the same position on the page that
it started in.
Mf
runs metafont, program that produces fonts for TeX.
It is used by
dvips
when bitmaps for a given font at a given size do not exist.
FILES
-
-
/sys/lib/tex/macros/*
- macros and preloaded format files
- /sys/lib/tex/macros/doc/*
- more TeX-related documentation
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/tfm
- font metrics
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/psvf
- PostScript virtual font metrics
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/canonpk
- bitmaps for Canon engines (300 dpi)
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/linopk
- bitmaps for Linotron (1270 dpi)
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/ljfourpk
- bitmaps for Laserjet 4 (600 dpi)
- /sys/lib/tex/fonts/gnotpk
- bitmaps for gnot screen (100 dpi)
- /sys/lib/tex/*
- miscellaneous configuration files and PostScript headers
SOURCE
-
/sys/src/cmd/tex
SEE ALSO
-
pic(1),
lp(1),
proof(1),
troff(1),
delatex
in
deroff(1)
D. E. Knuth,
The TEXbook,
Addison-Wesley, 1984
L. Lamport,
LaTeX, A Document Preparation System,
Addison-Wesley, 1985
H. Trickey,
``Latex User Guide'',
Unix Research System Programmer's Manual,
Tenth Edition, Volume 2.
Various documents in
/sys/lib/tex/macros/doc.
BUGS
-
Should be spelled TAUEPSILONCHI.
Copyright © 1995 Lucent Technologies. All rights reserved.