ILS(1)							   ILS(1)

NAME
       ils - list inode information

SYNOPSIS
       ils [-eorv] [-f fstype] device [start-stop ...]

       ils [-aAlLvzZ] [-f fstype] device [start-stop ...]

DESCRIPTION
       ils  opens  the	named device and lists inode information.
       By default, ils lists only the inodes of removed files.

       Arguments:

       -e     List every inode in the file system.

       -f fstype
	      Specifies the file system type.  The  default  file
	      system  type  is	system	dependent. With most UNIX
	      systems the default type is ffs (Berkeley fast file
	      system).	With  Linux  the  default  type is ext2fs
	      (second extended file system).

       -o     List only inodes of removed files	 that  are  still
	      open or executing.  This option is short-hand nota-
	      tion for -aL (see the fine controls section below).

       -r     List  only  inodes of removed files. This option is
	      short-hand notation for -LZ (see the fine	 controls
	      section below).

       -v     Turn on verbose mode.

       device Disk  special  file,  or	regular file containing a
	      disk image.  On UNIX systems, raw mode disk  access
	      may  give	 better	 performance than block mode disk
	      access.  LINUX disk  device  drivers  support  only
	      block mode disk access.

       start-stop ...
	      Examine the specified inode number or number range.
	      Either the start, the stop, or  the  -stop  may  be
	      omitted.

       Fine controls:

       -a     List  only  allocated inodes: these belong to files
	      with at least one directory entry in the file  sys-
	      tem,  and	 to  removed files that are still open or
	      executing.

       -A     List only unallocated inodes: these belong to files
	      that no longer exist.

       -l     List only inodes with at least one hard link. These
	      belong to files with at least one	 directory  entry
	      in the file system.

       -L     List  only  inodes  without  any	hard links. These
	      belong to	 files	that  no  longer  exist,  and  to
	      removed files that are still open or executing.

       -z     List only inodes with zero status change time. Pre-
	      sumably, these inodes were never used.

       -Z     List only inodes with non-zero status change  time.
	      Presumably, these belong to files that still exist,
	      or that existed in the past.

       The output format is in time machine format, as	described
       in  tm-format(5). The output begins with a two-line header
       that describes the data origin, and is followed by a  one-
       line  header  that  lists the names of the data attributes
       that make up the remainder of the output:

       st_ino The inode number.

       st_alloc
	      Allocation status: `a' for allocated inode, `f' for
	      free inode.

       st_uid Owner user ID.

       st_gid Owner group ID.

       st_mtime
	      UNIX time (seconds) of last file modification.

       st_atime
	      UNIX time (seconds) of last file access.

       st_ctime
	      UNIX time (seconds) of last inode status change.

       st_dtime
	      UNIX  time (seconds) of file deletion (LINUX only).

       st_mode
	      File type and permissions (octal).

       st_nlink
	      Number of hard links.

       st_size
	      File size in bytes.

       st_block0,st_block1
	      The first two entries in the direct  block  address
	      list.

SEE ALSO
       mactime(1), mtime, atime, ctime reporter
       tm-format(5), time machine data format

BUGS
       ils should support more file system types. Right now, sup-
       port is limited to ext2fs when built  on	 Linux,	 and  ffs
       when built on Solaris and BSD systems.

LICENSE
       This software is distributed under the IBM Public License.

AUTHOR(S)
       Wietse Venema
       IBM T.J. Watson Research
       P.O. Box 704
       Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA


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