Germar Rudolf: The Rudolf Report

HOLOCAUST Handbooks Series, Vol. 2
Germar Rudolf
The Rudolf Report
Expert Report on Chemical and Technical Aspects
of the ‘Gas Chambers’ of Auschwitz

© Theses & Dissertations Press,
PO Box 257768, Chicago, IL 60625, USA, March 2003
This Expert Report--online version-- is dedicated to Ernst Zündel who, at the time when this document was released, was held in jail as a result of his dissenting historical views.
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Table of Content

1. Prelude, p. 11 1.1. Slow Death in U.S. Gas Chambers, p. 11
1.2. Hydrogen Cyanide—a Dangerous Poison, p. 15
1.3. The Acid that Causes Blue Stains, p. 20 2. The Coup, p. 23 2.1. Fred Leuchter on Auschwitz and Majdanek, p. 23
2.2. Damage Control, p. 26 3. The Origins, p. 29 3.1. On the Problem, p. 32
3.2. On Politics, p. 36 4. A Brief History of Forensic Examinations of Auschwitz, p. 39 4.1. Introduction, p. 39
4.2. The Moral Obligation of Forensic Examination, p. 39
4.3. A Definition of Forensic Science, p. 41
4.4. Forensic Science and Auschwitz, p. 42 4.4.1. Forensics in the Courts, p. 42 4.4.1.1. The 1946 Cracow Auschwitz Trial, p. 42
4.4.1.2. The 1964-1966 Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial, S. 44
4.4.1.3. The 1972 Vienna Auschwitz Trial, p. 45 4.4.2. Forensics Outside the Courts, p. 46 4.4.2.1. In Search of Mass Graves, p. 46
4.4.2.2. Faurisson and the Consequences, p. 46 5. Auschwitz, p. 49 5.1. Introduction, p. 49 5.1.1. "Opera During the Holocaust, p. 49
5.1.2. On the History of the Camp, p. 51 5.2. Epidemics and the Defense Against them, p. 59 5.2.1. Danger of Epidemics, p. 59
5.2.2. Epidemic Control with Zyklon B, p. 60
5.2.3. Epidemic Control in Auschwitz, p. 65 5.2.3.1. Terminology Used and Responsibilities, p. 65
5.2.3.2. Procedures Used, p. 67
5.2.3.3. Results, p. 68
5.2.3.4. Basic Policy Decisions, p. 69
5.2.3.5. The Army Medical Officer, p. 70
5.2.3.6. Short-Wave Delousing Facility, p. 73 5.2.4. Disinfestation Installations BW 5a und 5b, p. 73 5.3. ‘Gas Chamber’ in the Auschwitz I Main Camp, p. 78
5.4. ‘Gas Chambers’ in Birkenau Camp, p. 88 5.4.1. Crematoria II and III, p. 88 5.4.1.1. Starting Situation, p. 88
5.4.1.2. The Obsessive Search for "Criminal Traces", p. 94 5.4.1.2.1. New Cellars Stairways, p. 95
5.4.1.2.2. Gassing Cellar, Undressing Room, and Showers, p. 96
5.4.1.2.3. "Gas-tight Doors" for Crematorium II, p. 103
5.4.1.2.4. Ventilation Installations, p. 107
5.4.1.2.5. Pre-heated Morgues, p. 108
5.4.1.2.6. "Cremation with Simultaneous Sonderbehandlung", p. 109
5.4.1.2.7. "Gas Testers" and "Indicator Devices for HCN Residues", p. 111
5.4.1.2.8. Zyklon B Introduction Holes, p. 113
5.4.1.2.9. Conclusions, p. 133 5.4.2. Crematoria IV and V, p. 135
5.4.3. Farmhouses 1 and 2, p. 139
5.4.4. The Drainage System in Birkenau, p. 141 5.4.4.1. Background: Eyewitness Accounts, p. 141
5.4.4.2. The Ground Water Table in Birkenau, p. 141
5.4.4.3. Open-Air Incineration in Pits, p. 143 5.5. Construction Conclusions, p. 145 6. Formation and Stability of Iron Blue, p. 151 6.1. Introduction, p. 151
6.2. Instances of Damages to Buildings, p. 152
6.3. Properties of Hydrogen Cyanide, HCN, p. 155
6.4. Composition of Iron Blue, p. 158 6.4.1. Overview, p. 158
6.4.2. Excursus, p. 158 6.5. Formation of Iron Blue, p. 159 6.5.1. Overview, p. 159
6.5.2. Water Content, p. 161 6.5.2.1. Overview, p. 161
6.5.2.2. Excursus, p. 161 6.5.3. Reactivity of Trivalent Iron, p. 163 6.5.3.1. Overview, p. 163
6.5.3.2. Excursus, p. 163 6.5.4. Temperature, p. 164 6.5.4.1. Overview, p. 164
6.5.4.2. Excursus, p. 167 6.5.5. pH Value, p. 168 6.6. Stability of Iron Blue, p. 170 6.6.1. pH Sensitivity, p. 170
6.6.2. Solubility, p. 171 6.6.2.1. Overview, p. 171
6.6.2.2. Excursus, p. 172 6.6.3. Excursus: Competing Ligands, p. 175
6.6.4. Effects of Light, p. 176 6.6.4.1. Overview, p. 176
6.6.4.2. Excursus, p. 176 6.6.5. Long-Term Test, p. 177 6.7. Influence of Various Building Materials, p. 180 6.7.1. Brick, p. 180 6.7.1.1. Overview, p. 180
6.7.1.2. Excursus, p. 181 6.7.2. Cement Mortar and Concrete, p. 181 6.7.2.1. Overview, p. 181
6.7.2.2. Excursus, p. 182 6.7.3. Lime Mortar, p. 185
6.7.4. Effects upon the Formation of Iron Blue, p. 185 7. Zyklon B for the Killing of Human Beings, p. 191 7.1. Toxicological Effect of HCN, p. 191
7.2. Evaporation Characteristics of Zyklon B, p. 194
7.3. The Gassing of Human Beings, p. 196 7.3.1. Eyewitness Testimonies, p. 196 7.3.1.1. Boundary Conditions, p. 196
7.3.1.2. Eyewitness Fantasies, p. 199
7.3.1.3. Quantities of Poison Gas, p. 208 7.3.1.3.1. Overview, p. 208
7.3.1.3.2. Excursus 1: Poisoning or Suffocation?, p. 211
7.3.1.3.3. Excursus 2: HCN Loss due to Adsorption, p. 216 7.3.2. Critique of the Eyewitness Descriptions, p. 218 7.3.2.1. Theatre of the Absurd, p. 218 7.3.2.1.1. Necessity of Co-Operation, p. 218
7.3.2.1.2. Failure to Separate the Sexes, p. 219
7.3.2.1.3. Towel and Soap, p. 220 7.3.2.2. Speed of Ventilation of the ‘Gas Chambers’, S. 220 7.3.2.2.1. Introduction, p. 220
7.3.2.2.2. Excursus, p. 220
7.3.2.2.3. Ventilation of the Morgues of Crematorium II and III, S. 223 7.3.2.3. Simulation Calculations, p. 227
7.3.2.4. Excursus: Capacity of Protective Filters, p. 230 7.3.3. Evaluation of Eyewitnesses, p. 233
7.3.4. An Expert on Cyanide Speaks Out, p. 238
7.3.5. Why Precisely Zyklon B?, p. 241 8. Evaluation of Chemical Analyses, p. 245 8.1. Test Sample Taking and Description, p. 245
8.2. Analytical Methods, p. 246
8.3. Evaluation of Analytical Results, p. 247 8.3.1. F.A. Leuchter/Alpha Analytic Laboratories, p. 247
8.3.2. Institute for Forensic Research, Cracow, p. 250
8.3.3. G. Rudolf/Fresenius Institute, p. 252 8.3.3.1. Samples 1-4: Crematorium II, Morgue 1, p. 253
8.3.3.2. Samples 5 to 8 and 23, 24: Inmate Barracks, p. 258
8.3.3.3. Samples 9 to 22: Disinfestation Building, S. 258
8.3.3.4. Samples 25-30: Tests, p. 265 8.3.4. John C. Ball, p. 268 8.4. Discussion of the Analysis Results, p. 269 8.4.1. Blue Wall Paint?, p. 269
8.4.2. False Method of Analysis, p. 270
8.4.3. The Memory Hole, p. 273
8.4.4. The Moon is Made of Pizza, p. 276
8.4.5. Anticipated Values, p. 279
8.4.6. Limits of the Chemical Method, p. 283 9. Conclusions, p. 287
10. Acknowledgements, p. 293
11. Hunting Germar Rudolf, p. 297 11.1. What Makes Revisionists?, p. 297
11.2. The Naiveté of a Young Revisionist, p. 316
11.3. Flaws of a State Under the Rule of Law, p. 330
11.4. Rudolf’s Thought ‘Crimes’, p. 345
11.5. The Media and the Case of Germar Rudolf, p. 383
11.6. Outlawed in the Federal Republic of Germany, p. 404
11.7. Biographical Notes on the Author, p. 421 12. Bibliography, p. 423 12.1. Monographs, p. 423
12.2. Periodical Articles, p. 428
12.3. Archival Documents, p. 434
12.4. Internet Documents, p. 434
12.5. Courts Files, Governmental Documents, p. 436
12.6. Video, Audio, and Unpublished Documents, p. 437 13. Lists 13.1. List of Tables, S. 439
13.2. List of Illustrations, p. 440
13.3. List of Graphs, p. 444
13.4. List of Abbreviations, p. 445 14. Index, p. 447

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Dedicated to the unknown thousands of Germans now suffering political persecution in their own country

HOLOCAUST Handbooks Series, vol. 2:
Germar Rudolf:
The Rudolf Report.
Expert Report on Chemical and Technical Aspects of the ‘Gas Chambers’ of Auschwitz.
Translated by Carlos Porter, Michael Humphrey, James Damon, and the author.
Chicago (Illinois): Theses & Dissertations Press, March 2003
Paperback: ISBN 0-9679856-5-X
Hardcover: ISBN 0-9679856-6-8
ISSN 1529-7748

First German edition:
Rüdiger Kammerer, Armin Solms (Hg.):
Das Rudolf Gutachten.
Gutachten über die Bildung und Nachweisbarkeit von Cyanidverbindungen in den "Gaskammern" von Auschwitz.
London: Cromwell Press, 1993

Second German edition:
Germar Rudolf:
Das Rudolf Gutachten.
Gutachten über die "Gaskammern" von Auschwitz
Hastings: Castle Hill Publishers, 2001

First German edition:	© July 1993 by Cromwell Press, 27, Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3XX, Great Britain (ISBN 1-898419-00-0.)
Second German edition:	© April 2001 by Germar Rudolf, P.O. Box 118, Hastings, TN34 3ZQ, Great Britain (ISBN 1-902619-03-X)
First English edition:	© March 2003 by Theses & Dissertations Press, PO Box 2577684, Chicago, IL 60625, USA (ISBN Pb: 0-9679856-5-X; Hardcover: 0-9679856-6-8)

Set in Times New Roman

Voices

"I am extraordinarily impressed. To my knowledge, you are the first expert in Germany who has addressed this particular topic in a scholarly impeccable and well-founded way. It is not for me to attribute an ice-breaker function to your expert report. It is easy to see which political-historical effects will originate from it, though its entire dimension cannot yet be estimated."

Prof. Dr. Hellmut Diwald, Historian, January 22, 1992

"I read it with great interest. […] My impression is, however, that this expert report is an important contribution to a very important question which, since the ‘Leuchter Report,’ needs to be answered urgently. […] One can only very much hope that the well-known tactics of hushing up is not applied to your expert report, but that critical responses and comments will be made."

Prof. Dr. Ernst Nolte, Historian, January 28, 1992

"For me, the significance of receiving your report rests on the fact that it substantially contributes to our stock of knowledge. With many of my collegues active in the field of contemporary history, I am overjoyed and thankful for you having initiated this research activity. Of course, I am even more delighted regarding the results of your accurate scientific investigation."

Prof. Dr. Werner Georg Haverbeck, Historian, January 31, 1992

"I calmly read your report! It gives me hope to realize that a representative of the younger generation courageously sets out, with scientific thoroughness, noticeable great expertise, and corresponding investigative curiosity, to get to the bottom of a controversial question that is of worldwide significance! The result is clear and unequivocal! True facts cannot be suppressed forever! I wish that your work will make the breakthrough!"

Prof. Emil Schlee, Historian, April 1, 1992

"[…] I sincerely hope that all statements about this topic would obviously be based on long and intensive work such as yours. Most of it is certainly unverifiable for the layman, but the photographs are already quite informative. […]"

Prof. Dr. Ernst Nolte, Historian, January 6, 1993

"Rudolf is a young scientist who tried to prove in an excellently layed-out work with tables, graphics, and so on, that the gas chambers were technically impossible. […] These scientific analyses are perfect."

Hans Westra, Anne-Frank-Foundation, BRT 1 TV (Belgium), Panorama, April 27, 1995

"All in all, he relies on literature which was written long before this report was completed, and the report must be described as scientifically acceptable."

Prof. Dr. Henri Ramuz, Chemist, interrogated as expert witness about the Rudolf Report
by the Swiss Court at Châtel-St.-Denis, May 18, 1997

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